Your picture is a NEMA 5-20R outlet. It must not be wired to anything other than 120VAC. You can plug a Level-1 charger into it. Hopefully, it is connected as a home-run back to the circuit breaker box with no other outlets or devices on that branch circuit. This kind of outlet requires 12AWG or heavier wire. You can safely pull up to 16A out of it.
If it is a home-run, you can convert it to a NEMA 6-20R, which is a 240V, 20A outlet. This will require replacing your single circuit breaker with a double (2-pole) 20A breaker. The ground wire will stay where it is, but you must remove the white wire from the Neutral bus bar, wrap it with Red tape, and connect it to one of the circuit breaker poles. The existing black wire would go to the other pole. At the outlet box, the white wire again must be wrapped with Red tape.
In such a setup, you can safely pull up to 3.84kW, (16A) based on 80% de-rating. For the Clarity 17kWh battery, your theoretical maximum charge rate would be 10.6 miles per hour. To charge faster than that, you'd need heavier cable than 12AWG, which was probably not used in your setup.