A good read detailing motor types. 
Thanks again to HKteck from Ioniq5 forum:
Electric motors rely on the principle of electromagnetism, where electricity creates a magnetic field and vice versa. This relationship, governed by Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction, is what propels the motor.
EMF (Electromotive Force): When current flows through the windings of an electric motor's stator (stationary part), it creates a rotating magnetic field. This rotating field, in turn, induces an opposing EMF (electromotive force) in the windings of the rotor (rotating part). The interaction between the two magnetic fields causes the rotor to spin, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Types of Electric Motors: Now, let's delve into the two main types of electric motors commonly used in EVs:
Permanent Magnet Electric Motors (PM motors):Stator: The stator houses windings that carry electric current.Rotor: The rotor contains permanent magnets.EMF Generation: When current flows through the stator windings, it creates a rotating magnetic field. This field interacts with the fixed magnets on the rotor, inducing an EMF in the rotor windings (though these are not used to directly power the motor).Benefits:High Efficiency: PM motors offer superior efficiency due to the absence of energy losses associated with inducing a magnetic field in the rotor (as seen in induction motors).High Power Density: PM motors can achieve a compact design for a given power output compared to induction motors.
Simple Control: They require simpler control systems due to the absence of rotor current management.Sacrifices:
Cost: Rare earth elements used in permanent magnets can be expensive.
Demagnetization: Permanent magnets can lose strength over time at high temperatures.Induction AC Electric Motors:Stator: Similar to PM motors, the stator houses windings that carry AC (alternating current).Rotor: The rotor consists of a conductive material (usually aluminum) but lacks permanent magnets.EMF Generation: The AC current flowing through the stator windings creates a rotating magnetic field. This rotating field cuts through the conductive rotor, inducing an EMF and current in the rotor's conducting bars. The interaction between the rotating magnetic field and the induced current in the rotor causes the rotor to spin.Benefits:Cost-Effective: Induction motors are generally less expensive to manufacture compared to PM motors.Robust Design: Their simpler design makes them less susceptible to demagnetization and potentially more reliable in harsh environments.Sacrifices:Lower Efficiency: Energy losses occur due to the need to induce a current in the rotor, leading to lower efficiency compared to PM motors.Lower PowerDensity: Induction motors tend to be bulkier than PM motors for the same power output.MoreComplex Control: Induction motors require more complex control systems to manage the rotor current for optimal performance.
Choosing the Right Motor: The choice between a permanent magnet motor and an induction motor depends on several factors, including:
Desired Efficiency: For applications prioritizing maximum range, PM motors are preferred.Cost Constraints: Induction motors might be more suitable for budget-conscious projects.Power and Size Requirements: If a compact and powerful motor is needed, PM motors could be a better fit.Environmental Considerations: The mining of rare earth elements for PM motors raises environmental concerns.
By understanding the impact of EMF and the trade-offs between PM and induction motors, engineers can select the most suitable motor for a specific application in an electric vehicle.

Thanks again to HKteck from Ioniq5 forum:
Electric motors rely on the principle of electromagnetism, where electricity creates a magnetic field and vice versa. This relationship, governed by Faraday's Law of electromagnetic induction, is what propels the motor.
EMF (Electromotive Force): When current flows through the windings of an electric motor's stator (stationary part), it creates a rotating magnetic field. This rotating field, in turn, induces an opposing EMF (electromotive force) in the windings of the rotor (rotating part). The interaction between the two magnetic fields causes the rotor to spin, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Types of Electric Motors: Now, let's delve into the two main types of electric motors commonly used in EVs:
Permanent Magnet Electric Motors (PM motors):Stator: The stator houses windings that carry electric current.Rotor: The rotor contains permanent magnets.EMF Generation: When current flows through the stator windings, it creates a rotating magnetic field. This field interacts with the fixed magnets on the rotor, inducing an EMF in the rotor windings (though these are not used to directly power the motor).Benefits:High Efficiency: PM motors offer superior efficiency due to the absence of energy losses associated with inducing a magnetic field in the rotor (as seen in induction motors).High Power Density: PM motors can achieve a compact design for a given power output compared to induction motors.
Simple Control: They require simpler control systems due to the absence of rotor current management.Sacrifices:
Cost: Rare earth elements used in permanent magnets can be expensive.
Demagnetization: Permanent magnets can lose strength over time at high temperatures.Induction AC Electric Motors:Stator: Similar to PM motors, the stator houses windings that carry AC (alternating current).Rotor: The rotor consists of a conductive material (usually aluminum) but lacks permanent magnets.EMF Generation: The AC current flowing through the stator windings creates a rotating magnetic field. This rotating field cuts through the conductive rotor, inducing an EMF and current in the rotor's conducting bars. The interaction between the rotating magnetic field and the induced current in the rotor causes the rotor to spin.Benefits:Cost-Effective: Induction motors are generally less expensive to manufacture compared to PM motors.Robust Design: Their simpler design makes them less susceptible to demagnetization and potentially more reliable in harsh environments.Sacrifices:Lower Efficiency: Energy losses occur due to the need to induce a current in the rotor, leading to lower efficiency compared to PM motors.Lower PowerDensity: Induction motors tend to be bulkier than PM motors for the same power output.MoreComplex Control: Induction motors require more complex control systems to manage the rotor current for optimal performance.
Choosing the Right Motor: The choice between a permanent magnet motor and an induction motor depends on several factors, including:
Desired Efficiency: For applications prioritizing maximum range, PM motors are preferred.Cost Constraints: Induction motors might be more suitable for budget-conscious projects.Power and Size Requirements: If a compact and powerful motor is needed, PM motors could be a better fit.Environmental Considerations: The mining of rare earth elements for PM motors raises environmental concerns.
By understanding the impact of EMF and the trade-offs between PM and induction motors, engineers can select the most suitable motor for a specific application in an electric vehicle.