Haven't posted in a while and was about to regarding this issue but solved it. As I haven't seen my solution posted I wanted to at least share it:
My USB port was probably dirty. Leading up to today's issue, I noticed connecting my iPhone was getting very temperamental. It would easily connect but needed to be left undisturbed on the tray. Any nudge and it would disconnect.
This was an early symptom because today, my display because completely unresponsive. It was initially fine this morning until I made a 5 minute stop, and upon returning and reconnecting my phone, it connected but would not accept any interactions on the touch screen.
I was about to start unplugging batteries when I noticed the display was actually giving a few clues. When starting the car, it seemed to go very quickly past the disclaimer warning, into the general car menu and straight to the "no device connected" message (not sure the exact verbiage).
Solution: Thinking there was a minor short circuit down there, I plugged/unplugged my USB cable several times from the car's port. (The phone wasn't even attached to the other end). The thought was to dislodge any foreign matter causing the issue. After doing that a few times, I restarted the car and the unit was fully cooperative. YMMV but I wanted to document this in the hopes it may help someone.